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The
GIII Series™ NEW!
low
biosynthetic activity |
Learning
from the mother
In the oviduct closest to the fimbrium, the pyruvate and lactate concentrations are at their highest point. The pyruvate and lactate concentrations decrease down the reproductive tract to reach its lowest point in the uterus. The opposite is true for glucose. The glucose concentration is low in the oviduct and high in the uterus. 5 The concentration of the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide are different in the oviduct compared to in the uterus, which in turn reflects pH.6, 7, 8 The intracellular pH (pHi) of embryos from mammalian species including the human, is around 7.2 9 and it seems that external pH (pHo) does not control pHi. Embryos have the capacity to regulate pHi in a culture environment of pH 7.2 to 7.4. When embryos are cultured in a pH too different from pHi the rate of development is decreased. Amino acids are key regulators of pHi and the amino acids that can buffer pHi are present in high concentrations in the female reproductive tract10 and are present in the GIII Series™. Hyaluronan
is present in the reproductive tract and the highest concentration
is found in the uterus. Hyaluronan assist sperm selection during
fertilisation, promote embryonic cell proliferation and facilitate
embryo implantation. The need for sequential IVF mediaWhile the physiological conditions in the female tract change, the conditions in a culture dish are static. To meet the changing requirement of the developing embryo sequential media are needed. The first sequential media were simply one medium for culture from fertilization to the 8-cell stage and a second medium for further culture to the blastocyst stage. Today,
with increasing knowledge provided by researchers, we understand
that both gametes as well as embryos need an environment as similar
as in the female reproductive tract as possible to be able to develop
optimally. In an optimal environment the embryos can minimize the
amount of energy spent to maintain its internal environment.
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